The 2000
Nobel Prize for
physics went to
Jaures Alfyorov, a
Russian scientist, vice president
of the Russian
Academy of Sciences
and director of the
St.Petersburg–based Ioffe Institute
of Physics and Engineering.
He shared the
prize with two Americans: Herbert Kromer and Jack Kilby. The Swedish
Royal Academy of Sciences
awarded the physicists for their work in
modern information technology,
which, in particular, led to the
microchip, laser diodes, and super-fast semiconductors, mobile
phones and satellite links. Due to their researchers small
electronic apparatuses, anything
from electronic watchers
and TV games
to mini-calculators and
personal computers, appeared
in our every day life.
Jaures Alfyorov is the eighth
Soviet/Russian Nobel laureate in physics. In 1958, Pavel
Cherenkov, Igor Tamm,
and Ilya Frank
were awarded the
Nobel Prize for discovery
and interpretation of the
Cherenkov effect.
In 1962, the prize
went to Lev
Landau for developing
fundamental theories of
condensed matter, in particular
liquid helium. In
1964, Nikolai Basov
and Alexander Prokhorov shared the prize with Charles Townes for
fundamental work in the sphere of quantum
electronics, leading to
maser-laser-based generators and amplifiers. And
finally, in 1978,
the Nobel prize
was awarded to
Pyotr Kapitsa, Arno Penzias,
and Robert Wilson
for fundamental inventions
and discoveries in low temperature physics.
Our
University.
There
are about 20 higher educational establishments in
Our
University named after I.N.UIyanov was founded in 1967 on the basis of the
Our
University has here are various well equipped laboratories, workshops. There is
library which contains over 1.35 million volumes. In the computer center
students can work in the Internet free of charge.
Over
20.000 students study at the full-time, part-time and correspondence
departments.
The
course of study lasts 4, 5 or 6 years depending on the faculties. The
first-year students study obligatory general subjects. In the third year they
begin specializing in different fields, at the end of the course the students
defend their graduation paper (or project) or take final examinations (degree
examinations).
The
academic year starts in September. It has two terms. Students take exams twice
a year. Before exams they take their end-of-term tests. During the term
students attend lectures, classes, seminars and write term-papers.
The
University has its branches in such towns as Alatyr, Kanash and Batyrevo.
The
University provides education for foreign students.
The
University has a
There
are 9 student hostels.
The
